First, the machine tool industry in 2012 with the import and export features
According to customs statistics, machine tool industry and export $ 27.95 billion in 2012, compared with 2011 (hereinafter referred toas the year) fell 0.37%. Which imports 19.649 billion U.S. dollars, down 5.28%; exports $ 8.3 billion, an increase of 13.55%. Importand export of $ 11.349 billion deficit, compared with a deficit of $ 13.433 billion a year earlier, reducing the $ 2.084 billion. (ByChina Machinery Industry Federation, the scope of statistics, the same below).1, import growth fell, machining centers, large-scale laser processing machine tool imports
2012 industry-wide imports fell 5.28 percent, an increase of 30.24% compared with the previous year, the growth rate droppedsignificantly.
Metal processing machine tool imports 107,100 units, $ 13.42 billion, an increase of 2.11% amount. Where: Machining center imports continued to grow rapidly, imported 49,800 units, $ 5.651 billion, an increase of 16.19% amount.Vertical machining center which imports 44,000 units, $ 3.22 billion, an increase of 20.5%; horizontal machining center imports 4313units, $ 1.926 billion, an increase of 12.24%;
17,000 sets of imported CNC machine tools, $ 4.722 billion, the amount fell by 11.9%. Including CNC horizontal lathes imported 4053units, $ 528 million, the amount fell by 11.24%;
Combination of machine tool imports 467 units, $ 351 million, an increase of 73.41 percent the amount;
Imports more than $ 500 million of seven kinds of machine tools and spare parts as follows:
2, exports continue to grow, laser machining machine tool exports growth
2012 industry exports grew 13.55 percent, an increase of 29.72% compared with the previous year, the growth rate fell sharply.
Metal processing machine tool exports 4.572 million units (including bench drills, grinders, polishers, etc.), $ 2.635 billion, anincrease of 13.24% amount. Where:
2329 Taiwan export processing centers, $ 136 million, down 5.45 percent year on year the amount of the average unit price of $ 58,500unit, compared with $ 57,700 last year for / Taiwan increased slightly; CNC machine tool export 18,400 units, $ 734 million, an increase of 18.62 percent the amount of the average unit price of $39,800 / unit, compared with $ 33,400 last year for / Taiwan also increased;
Combination of machine tool export growth, export 5388 units, $ 20,057,000, an increase of 56.76% amount.
2012 exports of 10 kinds of products is large: Unit: million U.S. dollars
The above table shows three characteristics, namely, in 2012 exports of the product is the most metal cutting machine parts,followed by silicon carbide (abrasive materials), is again CNC horizontal lathe; Second, the rapid export growth of laser processingmachine workpiece fixture and CNC EDM; Third sharply vertical machining centers and silicon carbide exports.
Second, the 2013 Import and Export Prospect
According to the International Monetary economic organizations January 23, 2013 release of "2013 World Economic Situation andProspects" report, in 2013 the global economic recovery is still weak and faces many uncertainties. Global economic growth in the eurozone will be because of the recession, the U.S. short-term fiscal austerity and economic weakness in Japan over a slowdown, predictedthe global economy will grow an average of 3.5%.
China's foreign trade development of the external environment has improved, but the situation is still grim, restricting foreigntrade growth resistance remains high. As countries intensified macroeconomic policy, the European debt crisis eased slightly, the U.S.economic recovery trend to stabilize market confidence and develop the anticipated boost. But the world economy has entered a periodof adjustment to the depth of the transition, the sovereign debt problems in developed countries to weaken economic growth potential,the United States, Japan and other measures for the implementation of quantitative easing monetary policy has become increasingly prominent side effects, difficulties faced by many emerging economies, coupled with national anti-dumping, countervailing and othertrade protectionism occur frequently, increasing foreign investment protectionism, low global economic growth, high-risk situation isnot significantly improved.
China's economy will continue to maintain steady and rapid growth of China's foreign trade development form a strong support.China's machine tool products of comparative advantage still exists, and gradually form a new competitive advantage, businessesagainst risks, expanding markets and innovative development capability significantly enhanced. With the Chinese government has taken aseries of expanding domestic demand, steady foreign demand policy measures put in place gradually and play effective internationalcompetitiveness of Chinese enterprises will increase. However, the domestic economy has stabilized foundation is not solid, domesticdemand growth has been constrained by a number of factors institutional mechanisms, some products are more prominent overcapacity,production and operation of enterprises are still facing many difficulties. At the same time, also because the expected appreciationof the RMB exchange rate and China's labor costs, import prices of some raw materials Zhang and other factors, resulting in increasedexport costs, brought many difficulties for the further expansion of exports.
The root of the above forecasts 2013 Import and Export of China's machine tool industry will be slightly better than in 2012, growthis still likely to remain low, which will smooth the export rebound may continue to maintain double-digit growth.
Third, the current issues of concern
Report of the party's 18 proposed to accelerate the transformation of foreign economic development and promote towards optimizing thestructure, expanding the depth and improve the effectiveness of the direction of change. The current pay special attention to developthe international market and to take measures following questions:
1, adjust and optimize the product structure, speed up transformation and upgrading
Our total production and production scale machine tool industry has been ranked in the world, a group of middle and low machine outputranks first in the world. But China's economic construction required for some advanced technology and equipment, still rely heavily onimports; exports more than half of the low value-added and low-tech products, metal processing machine tool exports accounted for lesst,han a third the proportion of industry exports . This situation can not meet the requirements of China's economic development.
Development of the machine tool industry , one driven by investment , and on the export-driven . Machinery industry in China inrecent child rapid growth of investment in fixed assets , according to the information : 2010 End Ring 2.025 trillion yuan , anincrease of 30.82% ; 2011 completion of 2.784 trillion yuan , an increase of 37.49% ; 2012 completed 34,700 billion, an increase of24.86% . Although there is a large growth in 2012 slowed, but investment has exceeded last year , nearly three additional investmentof 70 billion yuan annually. Fixed asset investment in machinery industry , nearly half of the purchase of equipment tools andequipment required is mainly machine tools. Therefore the total demand for machine tools , the trend is still continuing to increase ,the key is the structure of the domestic market demand for the rapid escalation of the machine , prompting scale machine tool importsexpanded for four consecutive years ( 2009 machine tool imports $ 5.862 billion , $ 9.367 billion in 2010 , 2011 $ 13.142 billion , $13.42 billion in 2012 ) ; Meanwhile , foreign market slowdown in demand for machine tools , our products less competitive ; then thedomestic production of some products overextended , resulting in a number of products currently surplus production capacity , orderslack of sluggish sales , rising inventories , and the enterprises face many difficulties. Based on the above , you need to proceedfrom reality, carefully adjust and optimize the product structure, speed up transformation and upgrading.
First, select the import volume of product development research from imported products, to accelerate the development In recent years, mid-scale machine tool imports expanded, partly adapted to the needs of domestic users; the other hand, the domesticmachine tool industry has brought tremendous pressure.
Imported products are the real needs of users, but also reflects the gap between domestic and imported products exist. Accordingto customs statistics, imports in recent years, more or high-tech products are mainly high-end CNC machine tools, CNC equipment and key components, especially machining centers, CNC lathes, laser processing machines, CNC gear cutting machines, CNC grinding, CNCequipment, forging or stamping tools, machine tool ancillary parts. To carry out a careful analysis of the imported products fromwhich to choose import volume, high-tech varieties, and consider adapt to the user personalization, specialization requirements and other factors, starting from the condition of the enterprise, research and development, the formation of production capacity as soonas possible, for import substitution. This is the only way for the development of the machine tool industry, but also to expand theexport of material and technical basis. Secondly, we must adapt to the changing needs of the international market, export product structure adjustment
The international financial crisis, especially after the European sovereign debt crisis, countries adopted a series of measures, somechanges occurred in the structure of demand in the international market, the export enterprises to adapt to this change, according touser needs, timely adjustment of product structure, good services.
Once again, gradually reduce the export of "two high" products, such as machine bed castings, forgings, steel structures, abrasive andso on.
2, pluralistic and develop new markets, expand exports to developing countries
According to the International Monetary economic organizations reported that in 2013 the emerging economies and developingcountries will achieve an average growth of 5.5% is still a driving force for global economic growth, which the ASEAN 5 (Indonesia,Malaysia, Thailand, Philippines, Vietnam) will increase of 5.5%. Currently we have to continue to focus on the U.S., EU, Japan andother traditional markets, changes in market demand for its timely provision of marketable products; hand should pay more attention todevelop the emerging market economies and developing countries, especially ASEAN countries , India, Russia, Brazil, Mexico, Turkey,Saudi Arabia, UAE, Peru, Canada, South Africa and so on.
Indonesian market development for our attention. Indonesia's economic output ranks first in Southeast Asia, the 2011 China'smachinery exports to Indonesia, $ 7.04 billion, an increase of 33%; 2012 exports of $ 8.338 billion, an increase of 18.39%, a goodmomentum of development. According to the country's development plan, large-scale infrastructure, power stations, airports, ports, andassociated machinery manufacturing and other projects should have started construction, greater demand for machine tools, such asmiddle and low numerical control machine tools, high-quality general machine tools , a variety of tools, machine tool accessories,etc.
3, Russia's accession to the WTO seize the opportunity to expand exports
Russia on August 22, 2012 became the first 156 members of the WTO. In accordance with the WTO agreement, Russia committed to theoverall tariff level from 10 percent in 2011 to 7.8%. Which produce from the current 13.2% to 10.8%, manufactured goods fell 7.3percent from 9.5 percent, including mechanical and electrical tariffs from the current 8.4% to 6.2%, from the current 15.5% car, afterseven after years of the term of protection to 12%. In the non-tariff measures, Russia will cancel all industrial export subsidies.
September 2012 during the early twentieth APEC informal leadership meeting held in Russia's Vladivostok Swatch Trafigura, Russiaannounced that the future will be the focus for the development of the eastern region. During the meeting, the Chinese and Russianheads of state agreed to the 2015 bilateral trade volume reached $ 100 billion from the current $ 80 billion to $ 200 billion by 2020.Russia and China eastern neighbor, provide good opportunities for our country.
Our 2011 Russian exports of machinery products to $ 9.23 billion, an increase of 66.58% over the previous year; 2012 exports of $ 10.722 billion, an increase of 16.15%, a good momentum. According to the International Monetary economic organizations reported thatin 2013 Russia will grow by 3.7%. We should seize this favorable opportunity to expand exports to Russia. Russia attaches importanceto developing machinery manufacturing industry, China's machine tool industry should strive to have greater access to the Chinesemarket.
4, the implementation strategy of going out to promote the growth and development of multinationals
The party's 18 points out the need to accelerate the pace going. According to Commerce Department statistics, by the end of2011, approved by the national authorities record 13,500 domestic investment outside the 177 countries and regions set up overseasbranches 18,000, the stock of Chinese enterprises overseas investment of nearly $ 425 billion in overseas form The total assets ofabout $ 2 trillion. Growth and development of Chinese multinational corporations, will increase China's traditional strengths in someareas, in favor of the introduction of advanced technology to improve innovation capability also helps won a new round ofinternational competition.
In recent years, a number of machine tool industry qualified enterprises to carry out international operations made effective,and some have been or are being gradually established a global sales and service outlets and regional marketing centers, in order tofurther expand exports, creating a very good condition. Some establish R & D centers in foreign countries, particularly worthmentioning is that some powerful enterprises overseas acquisitions advanced technology known enterprises achieved results. If Beijingan internationally renowned German machine tool acquisition Wadeliexi. Copco and so on. To encourage more qualified enterprises toinvest and set up factories to go out, or joint ventures with local enterprises, cooperative, or selective acquisitions of overseascompanies with advanced manufacturing technology. Machine tool industry, there are many mergers and acquisitions of foreignenterprises, need to constantly sum up experience, to be solidly in advance.
After Russia's accession to the WTO, Chinese enterprises to expand investment in Russia to provide opportunities. Russia will open the area of investment, reducing foreign investment restrictions. According to Russian statistics, by the end of 2011, Chineseinvestment in Russia $ 27.62 billion, as Russia's fifth-largest investment partner.
From the current situation, if the acquisition of enterprises and domestic enterprises producing similar products, technical levelclose, it is reasonable to adjust the component production division, formed the industrial chain, increase parts production volume, inorder to reduce costs and improve competitiveness; or implement strong strong combination of advantages, enhance research andinnovation capacity. M & A business products such as advanced manufacturing technology, it should address the relevant provisions indifferent countries, to adopt a flexible and effective measures to create conditions to gradually migrate to the advanced technologyof domestic production of the product in order to promote the adjustment of product structure, accelerate the transformation upgrade.5, the effort to avoid exchange rate risk
People's Bank of China announced that from April 16, 2012, inter-bank spot foreign exchange market trading price of the RMB againstthe U.S. dollar floating rate of expansion from 0.5% to 1%, two-way floating RMB into the era. This requires special attention to howto avoid exchange rate risk. The current exchange rate is mainly taken, including locking and RMB settlement and other means. Locked exchange rate, forward foreignexchange became widely used method of business, customers and the bank agreed future settlement or Sale of foreign exchange currency,amount, term, and the exchange rate, foreign exchange transactions handled when due in accordance with the agreement.
RMB settlement has been popularized, but the current problem is to promote slow, customers will think this is the risk passed onto customers. It is important to let buyers and sellers each bear part of the loss caused by exchange rate movements. Therefore, underthe background of increased exchange rate volatility, the proposed government departments to further improve the supporting measuresto increase hedging instruments, hedge relax the conditions of enterprises, allow enterprises to meet the hedging needs are real.